Ambrosia ambrosioides
Canyon ragweed, Chicua, Yerba del sapo
Compositae – Sunflower family
Description
Canyon bursage is a moderately sized perennial shrub. Its deciduous leaves are serrated and grow into elongated triangles 1-2 inches wide by 6-8 inches long; overall, it is a big and shaggy plant. In the spring the pistillate flowers mature into burs resembling a small cocklebur, and similarly they stick to clothing and animal fur. Of all the Ambrosias, Canyon bursage is the most tropical in appearance and requirements. It is dependant on summer monsoon rains and warm temperatures to survive in the desert southwest. The name Ambrosia refers to the fragrance the leaf aromatics emit when the plant is crowded in canyons and the summer air moves through. It may not be the nectar of the gods, but it certainly is not rank as described by many botanical authors.
Distribution
Look for Canyon bursage growing along washes, canyon and draws where rainfall deeply saturates the ground. It is found from central Arizona south through Baja California and northern Mexico.
Chemistry
The foliage contains sesquiterpene lactones: damsin, damsinic acid, franserin, Parthenolide and psilostachyin c; flavonoid: hispidulin
Medicinal Uses
Canyon bursage root is a valuable remedy in relieving menstrual cramps. In addition to being a reliable menstrual stimulant, the plant is also useful when menses has become sluggish and there are corresponding pelvic feelings of inertia and congestion. Root preparations are also quieting to stomach and intestinal cramps. Its spasmolytic activity is especially well suited in diminishing rapid intestinal movement from acute viral or stress initiated diarrhea.
Although not an entirely different medicine, the leaves of Canyon bursage elicit other therapeutic responses. They tend to diminish allergic reactions that are head centered. Rhinitis from pollen, dust and animal hair is abated nicely. Whole body allergic reactions that manifest as general itchiness or even hive breakouts are diminished. It is proposed that Canyon bursage is broadly anti-inflammatory and specifically is diminishing to IgE antibody responses that play a central role in the allergy process.
Indications
Menstrual cramps with pelvic congestion
Tardy menstruation with stop and start bleeding
GI tract cramps
Rhinitis and sinusitis, allergy derived
Allergic reactivity, body-wide
Collection
Harvest Canyon bursage leaves when they are dark green and aromatic, usually in mid-spring or during summer monsoon rains. Collect the roots throughout the winter or spring when available moisture has enlivened them, rather then in the fall when they are apt to be in a dry stupor. The plant’s taproots reach downward 3-4 feet so it is wise to collect the below ground portion in a wash where digging is easier. Even though Canyon bursage is extremely abundant regionally, it is a wise practice not to take the entire root mass one plant has, subsequently killing the plant. When the side roots are exposed, trim several here and there while leaving the main large taproots in place. Doing this you will be able to collect a pound or two from an older plant with little harm. When you have the roots in your hands, smell them; they are aromatic and earthy. Several other species, namely Ambrosia deltoidea, A. artemisiifolia, and A. trifida have similar leaf uses. In comparing root qualities, these species are woody and less aromatic, therefore less therapeutic.
Preparations and Dosage
FPT/DPT (60% alc): 20-60 drops 3 times daily
Leaf infusion/root decoction: 2-4 ounces 3 times daily
Cautions
Individuals who are allergic to ragweed should be mindful of this plant. Although the pollen containing flowers are not collected for use, some extremely sensitive people may have reactions to Canyon bursage’s lactone content. If you feel this may be the case personally start with small doses and monitor yourself to see how this plant affects you. Canyon bursage should not be taken with pharmaceuticals; lactones have been shown to alter metabolism and activity of some drugs. Considering Canyon bursage's stimulating effect on the uterus, it is not an herb to use during pregnancy. Because of this plant’s weak drug-like action consider this a short-term use plant, not a long-term tonic.